On farm conservation

 
On farm conservation protects threatened plants in their natural habitats and takes into account social and cultural factors such as farmers’ knowledge. Photo: S. Mann/Bioversity

On farm conservation protects threatened plants in their natural habitats. Photo: S. Mann/Bioversity

Bioversity's on farm conservation research is focused on keeping landraces and crop wild relatives of cultivated plants growing and valued by smallholder farmers.

On farm conservation (or in situ conservation) protects threatened plants in their natural habitats and takes into account social and cultural factors such as farmers’ knowledge.

Why is in-situ conservation important?

While genebanks are important role to safeguard crop diversity for future use, they do not yet contain many that may be critical to the livelihoods of poor rural farmers. 

In situ methods such as 'on farm' and 'home garden' conservation also enable plants to continue to evolve and hence adapt to changing conditions.

 

On farm agricultural biodiversity conservation - the need for research

The 2010 FAO State of the World Report II on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture depicts an alarming and worrying situation - despite considerable progress made on ex situ conservation, very limited efforts to curb the genetic and cultural erosion taking place on farm have been recorded, yet this is where the largest amount of diversity is found.

Furthermore, international policy instruments in support of agrobiodiversity are currently focusing on crops listed in Annex I of the International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources, thus excluding thousands of other nutritious and often endangered crops and varieties from being properly safeguarded, conserved and promoted.

On-farm conservation practices, so far, lack the approaches, guidelines, methods and tools that would assist farmers both in deriving livelihood benefits and in playing their ‘custodian’ role more effectively and efficiently.

Documenting on farm crop diversity so that we know what is being currently grown, how, by whom, for what purpose and how it is being threatened, represents an urgent and essential task for guiding the development of sound national conservation strategies based on the integration of ex situ and in situ/on-farm conservation methods.

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For more information, contact:
 Dr. Stefano Padulosi

Filed under: Conservation